Paradoxism used in science at NASA and NATO

 

 

pARadOXisM is an avant-garde movement in literature, art, philosophy, science, based on excessive use of antitheses, antinomies, contradictions, parables, odds, paradoxes in creations. It was set up by Florentin Smarandache since 1980’s and promulgates a counter-time/ counter-sense creation.  Paradoxism started as an anti-totalitarian protest against a closed society, Romania of 1980’s.

 

Why was the movement based on contradictions? Because we lived in that society a double life: an official one – propagated by the political system, and another one real. In mass-media it was promulgated that “our life is wonderful”, but in reality “our life was miserable”.  The paradox flourishing!  And then we took the creation in derision, in opposite sense, in a syncretic way.  Thus, paradoxism was born.

 

Through paradoxist experiments one brings new literary, artistic, philosophical, or scientific terms, new procedures, methods, or even algorithms of creation.

 

Paradoxism naturally arises and manifests.

 

It is in folklore, humanistic fields, and even more.

 

Surprisingly, the paradoxism found its use in science too!

Let’s see an example from cybernetics, regarding the fusion of information.  The robots dispose of multi-sensors which receive informations that must be processed, but these informations are often contradictory in a smaller or higher degree.  The fusion of such conflicting, paradoxist informations in science is an old problem not entirely solved by the existing theories of Dempster-Shaffer, Dubois-Prade's, Smets' TBM, Yager's, Zadeh's (fuzzy sets), etc.  The robot needs to process these informations and gets alone a decision.  Here it is the paradoxism.

 

Similarly in military applications: for target tracking.

 

Or processing more or less conflicting medical images in order to diagnostic diseases,

or combining conflicting land images in agriculture from satellite.

 

During the second half of the 20th century, several new and interesting mathematical theories have emerged in parallel with the development of computer science and technology in order to combine many types of information (fuzzy, neutrosophic, uncertain, imprecise, paradoxist, incomplete, paraconsistent, Sorites paradoxes, continuous elements, etc.) provided by different sources (human expertise, sensor measurements, AI expert systems, neural network, quantum theory, economics predictions).  One such theory, that permits the combination of paradoxist information, has been called Dezert-Smarandache Theory of Plausible and Paradoxist Reasoning for Data Fusion (2001) developed by Prof. F. Smarandache (University of New Mexico, USA) and Dr. J. Dezert from ONERA (French Airspace Research Agency in Paris).  

Several international conferences dedicated to the use of paradoxism in science:

·        The first one, called: “Applications of Plausible, Paradoxical and Neutrosophic Reasoning for Information Fusion”, 8-11 July 2003, at Radisson Hotel, Cairns, Queensland, Australia.

·        The second one: “Applications and Advances of Plausible and Paradoxical Reasoning for Data Fusion”, June 28-July 1, 2004, in Stockholm, Sweden.

 

On 5 November 2004, Paradoxism, used in the fusion of conflicting information, was invited to NASA Langley Research Center, in Hampton, Virginia, USA; see the lectures:

http://www.nianet.org/ecslectureseries/smarandache_110504.php

http://www.nianet.org/ecslectureseries/dezert_110504.php.

 

Between 16-27 May 2005, Paradoxism, again used in the fusion of conflicting information, was presented at NATO Advanced Study Institute, Albena, Bulgaria:

http://www.asibulgaria2005.com.